{"id":834,"date":"2020-11-08T16:57:47","date_gmt":"2020-11-08T13:57:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/uzmanposta.com\/blog\/?p=834"},"modified":"2023-12-28T09:16:36","modified_gmt":"2023-12-28T06:16:36","slug":"ip-nedir","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/uzmanposta.com\/blog\/ip-nedir\/","title":{"rendered":"IP Nedir, Ne \u0130\u015fe Yarar? IP Adresim Nedir Sorgulama"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

IP adresi<\/strong>, bir cihaz\u0131n internete ba\u011fl\u0131 oldu\u011fu yerin say\u0131sal bir temsilidir. IP adresinin ne oldu\u011funu anlamak, internette gezinmek i\u00e7in \u00e7ok \u00f6nemlidir. Bu y\u00fczden bug\u00fcn IP adresleri ile ilgili merak etti\u011finiz her \u015feyi cevaplamaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015faca\u011f\u0131z.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Haydi ba\u015flayal\u0131m!<\/p>\n\n\n\n

IP Adresi Nedir?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Basit\u00e7e ifade etmek gerekirse, bir IP adresi<\/strong> (\u0130nternet Protokol\u00fc<\/strong>), a\u011f donan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n bir adresidir. Bilgisayar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 a\u011f\u0131n\u0131zdaki ve d\u00fcnyan\u0131n her yerindeki di\u011fer cihazlara ba\u011flaman\u0131za yard\u0131mc\u0131 olur. Bir IP adresi, say\u0131lardan veya karakterlerden olu\u015fur. Sadece bilgisayarlarda de\u011fil, tabletlerde ve ak\u0131ll\u0131 telefonlarda da vard\u0131r. Ve t\u0131pk\u0131 bir parmak izi gibi, hi\u00e7bir IP adresi tam olarak ayn\u0131 de\u011fildir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

IP’nin Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) <\/strong>taraf\u0131ndan belirlenen standartlar\u0131 vard\u0131r. Bug\u00fcn kullan\u0131mda olan iki ana IP adresi t\u00fcr\u00fc<\/strong>: IP s\u00fcr\u00fcm 4 (IPv4)<\/strong> ve IP s\u00fcr\u00fcm 6’d\u0131r (IPv6)<\/strong>. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130lki Ocak 1983’ten beri kullan\u0131mda olan hala en yayg\u0131n olarak kullan\u0131lan IPv4<\/strong>\u2019t\u00fcr. Bunlar, “noktal\u0131 ondal\u0131k” olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lan 192.0.2.53<\/code> gibi d\u00f6rt sekizli olarak ifade edilen 32 bitlik say\u0131lard\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1999 y\u0131l\u0131nda internet eri\u015fiminin ticarile\u015ftirilmesiyle birlikte, IANA ge\u00e7erli IPv4<\/a> adreslerinin t\u00fckenebilece\u011fi endi\u015fesini ta\u015f\u0131maya ba\u015flad\u0131. Bu nedenle, merkezi Fremont, California’da bulunan kar amac\u0131 g\u00fctmeyen standartlar organizasyonu olan Internet Engineering Task Force, IPv4’\u00fcn halefi IPv6<\/a><\/strong>‘y\u0131 tasarlad\u0131. Bunlar, onalt\u0131l\u0131k dizelerle ifade edilen 2001: 0db8: 582: ae33 :: 29<\/code> gibi 128 bitlik say\u0131lard\u0131r.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n

IP Adresinizi sorgulamak i\u00e7in t\u0131klay\u0131n! <\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

IP Adresinizin B\u00f6l\u00fcmleri<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Bir IP adresinin iki b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc<\/strong> vard\u0131r: Adresin ilk \u00fc\u00e7 numaras\u0131n\u0131 i\u00e7eren k\u0131s\u0131m a\u011f kimli\u011fidir. Adresteki d\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc say\u0131 ise bir ana bilgisayar kimli\u011fidir. IP adresiniz 192.168.1.1<\/code> ise, 192.168.1<\/code> olan k\u0131s\u0131m a\u011f kimli\u011fi ve son .1, .2, .3 vb. rakam ana bilgisayar kimli\u011fidir. A\u011f Kimli\u011fi<\/strong>, tam olarak ayg\u0131t\u0131n hangi a\u011fda oldu\u011funu g\u00f6sterir. Ana Bilgisayar Kimli\u011fi<\/strong>, o a\u011fdaki belirli bir cihaz\u0131 ifade eder. (Genellikle y\u00f6nlendiriciniz 0,1’dir ve sonraki her cihaza 0,2, 0,3 vb. atan\u0131r.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

IP adresinizi bir Sanal \u00d6zel A\u011f (VPN) arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla d\u0131\u015f d\u00fcnyadan maskelemek m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. Bir VPN<\/a> kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131zda, bu harici a\u011f\u0131n adresinizi if\u015fa etmesini engeller.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"IP<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Bir IP Adresinin Amac\u0131 Nedir?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Bir IP adresinin amac\u0131<\/strong>, bir cihaz ile hedef site aras\u0131ndaki ba\u011flant\u0131y\u0131 kurmakt\u0131r. IP adresi, internetteki her cihaz\u0131 benzersiz bir \u015fekilde tan\u0131mlar. IP olmadan cihazlarla ileti\u015fim kurman\u0131n bir yolu yoktur. IP adresleri, bilgi i\u015flem cihazlar\u0131n\u0131n (PC’ler ve tabletler gibi) web siteleri ve ak\u0131\u015f hizmetleri gibi hedeflerle ileti\u015fim kurmas\u0131na izin verir ve web sitelerine kimin ba\u011fland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yler.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statik IP’ler ve Dinamik IP’ler<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Statik IP adresi<\/strong>, manuel olarak yap\u0131land\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z ve bunlar\u0131 cihaz\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n a\u011f\u0131na sabitledi\u011finiz IP adresleridir. IP, herhangi bir cihaz yeniden ba\u015flat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda veya cihaza yeniden ba\u011flan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda kullan\u0131mda kal\u0131r. Bu da statik IP adresini<\/strong> b\u00fcy\u00fck i\u015f veya ev a\u011flar\u0131 i\u00e7in favori yapar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bununla birlikte dinamik IP<\/strong>, otomatik olarak yap\u0131land\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. Bug\u00fcn d\u00fcnyada \u00e7ok say\u0131da mobil cihaz oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in, bu IP adresleri ak\u0131ll\u0131 telefonlar, diz\u00fcst\u00fc bilgisayarlar ve tabletler i\u00e7in iyi \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Her IP adresi bi\u00e7iminin art\u0131lar\u0131 ve eksileri vard\u0131r. Statik IP adresleri <\/strong>daha g\u00fcvenilir veri aktar\u0131mlar\u0131 sunar ve \u00e7ok h\u0131zl\u0131 bilgi al\u0131\u015fveri\u015fi sa\u011flar, ancak daha az g\u00fcvenlidir ve izlenmesi daha kolayd\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca daha pahal\u0131d\u0131rlar ve genellikle yaln\u0131zca IP adreslerinizi atayan ISS’nizin (internet servis sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131s\u0131) talebi \u00fczerine kullan\u0131labilirler. Dinamik IP adresleri <\/strong>\u00e7ok daha g\u00fcvenlidir ve izlenmesi zordur; ISS’ler onlar\u0131 s\u00fcrekli olarak kullanabildikleri i\u00e7in daha ucuzdur. Ancak, yaln\u0131zca DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) sunucusu olan cihazlar dinamik IP adreslerini kullanabilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

A\u011f Protokol\u00fc (Network Protocol) Nedir?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

A\u011f olu\u015fturmada bir protokol, iki veya daha fazla cihaz\u0131n birbiriyle ileti\u015fim kurabilmesi ve birbirini anlayabilmesi i\u00e7in belirli eylemleri ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmenin ve verileri bi\u00e7imlendirmenin standartla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f bir yoludur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Protokollerin neden gerekli oldu\u011funu anlamak i\u00e7in mektup g\u00f6nderme s\u00fcrecini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcn. Zarf\u0131n \u00fczerine adresler \u015fu s\u0131rayla yaz\u0131l\u0131r: Ad, sokak adresi, \u015fehir, eyalet ve posta kodu. \u00d6nce posta kodu, ard\u0131ndan a\u00e7\u0131k adres, ard\u0131ndan eyalet vb. ile bir posta kutusuna bir zarf b\u0131rak\u0131l\u0131rsa, postane mektubu teslim etmez. Posta sisteminin \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 i\u00e7in adreslerin yaz\u0131lmas\u0131na y\u00f6nelik \u00fczerinde anla\u015fmaya var\u0131lm\u0131\u015f bir protokol vard\u0131r. Ayn\u0131 \u015fekilde, t\u00fcm IP veri paketleri belirli bilgileri belirli bir s\u0131rayla sunmal\u0131d\u0131r ve t\u00fcm IP adresleri standart bir format\u0131 takip etmelidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

IP Adresleme Nas\u0131l \u00c7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

IP adresi<\/strong>, internete ba\u011flanan bir cihaza veya alana atanan benzersiz bir tan\u0131mlay\u0131c\u0131d\u0131r. Her IP adresi, ‘192.168.1.1<\/code>‘ gibi bir dizi karakterdir. Kullan\u0131c\u0131lar taraf\u0131ndan okunabilen alan adlar\u0131n\u0131 IP adreslerine \u00e7eviren DNS \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmleyicileri arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla, kullan\u0131c\u0131lar bu karma\u015f\u0131k karakter dizisini ezberlemeden web sitelerine eri\u015febilir. Her bir IP paketi, hem hedef adresinin hem de d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f adresinin bir posta par\u00e7as\u0131na dahil edilmesi gibi, hem paketi g\u00f6nderen ayg\u0131t\u0131n veya alan adlar\u0131n\u0131n IP adresini hem de hedeflenen al\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n IP adresini i\u00e7erecektir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

IP Y\u00f6nlendirme Nas\u0131l \u00c7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
\"IP<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u0130nternet, her biri belirli IP adresi bloklar\u0131ndan sorumlu olan birbirine ba\u011fl\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fck a\u011flardan olu\u015fur; bu b\u00fcy\u00fck a\u011flar otonom sistemler (AS) olarak bilinir. BGP<\/strong> dahil \u00e7e\u015fitli y\u00f6nlendirme protokolleri, paketleri hedef IP adreslerine g\u00f6re AS’ler aras\u0131nda y\u00f6nlendirmeye yard\u0131mc\u0131 olur. Y\u00f6nlendiriciler, istenen hedefe m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olan en h\u0131zl\u0131 \u015fekilde ula\u015fmak i\u00e7in paketlerin hangi AS’lerden ge\u00e7mesi gerekti\u011fini belirten y\u00f6nlendirme tablolar\u0131na sahiptir. Paketler, hedeflenen IP adresi i\u00e7in sorumluluk \u00fcstlenen birine ula\u015fana kadar AS’den AS’ye seyahat eder. O AS, daha sonra paketleri hedefe dahili olarak y\u00f6nlendirir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kararla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lan bir var\u0131\u015f noktas\u0131na giden bir grup insan\u0131n oraya ula\u015fmak i\u00e7in farkl\u0131 yollardan ge\u00e7mesi gibi, paketler gerekti\u011finde ayn\u0131 yere farkl\u0131 rotalar alabilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

TCP \/ IP Nedir?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

The Transmission Control Protocol<\/strong> (\u0130letim Kontrol Protokol\u00fc – TCP<\/strong>) bir aktar\u0131m protokol\u00fcd\u00fcr, yani verilerin g\u00f6nderilme ve al\u0131nma \u015feklini belirler. Her paketin TCP \/ IP kullanan veri k\u0131sm\u0131na bir TCP ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 eklenir. Verileri iletmeden \u00f6nce, TCP al\u0131c\u0131yla bir ba\u011flant\u0131 a\u00e7ar. TCP, iletim ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131nda t\u00fcm paketlerin s\u0131rayla ula\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar. Al\u0131c\u0131, TCP arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla gelen her paketi ald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 onaylayacakt\u0131r. Onaylanmazsa eksik paketler tekrar g\u00f6nderilecektir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

TCP h\u0131z i\u00e7in de\u011fil, g\u00fcvenilirlik i\u00e7in tasarlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. TCP, t\u00fcm paketlerin s\u0131rayla ula\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan emin olmak zorunda oldu\u011fundan, baz\u0131 paketler eksikse verilerin TCP \/ IP yoluyla y\u00fcklenmesi daha uzun s\u00fcrebilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

TCP ve IP ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7ta birlikte kullan\u0131lmak \u00fczere tasarlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r ve bunlara genellikle TCP \/ IP<\/strong> paketi denir. Bununla birlikte, di\u011fer ta\u015f\u0131ma protokolleri de IP ile kullan\u0131labilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Daha fazla bilgi i\u00e7in: TCP\/IP Nedir, Nas\u0131l \u00c7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r? TCP\/IP Protokolleri<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

UDP \/ IP Nedir?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

The User Datagram Protocol<\/strong> (Kullan\u0131c\u0131 Datagram Protokol\u00fc <\/strong>veya UDP<\/strong>), yayg\u0131n olarak kullan\u0131lan ba\u015fka bir ta\u015f\u0131ma protokol\u00fcd\u00fcr. TCP’den daha h\u0131zl\u0131d\u0131r, ancak ayn\u0131 zamanda daha az g\u00fcvenilirdir. UDP, t\u00fcm paketlerin teslim edildi\u011finden ve s\u0131rayla yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan emin de\u011fildir ve aktar\u0131mlar\u0131 ba\u015flatmadan veya almadan \u00f6nce bir ba\u011flant\u0131 kurmaz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

UDP \/ IP<\/strong> genellikle ses veya video ak\u0131\u015f\u0131 i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc bunlar, aktar\u0131m\u0131 ger\u00e7ek zamanl\u0131 tutma ihtiyac\u0131 nedeniyle d\u00fc\u015fen paket riskinin (yani, eksik verilerin) a\u011f\u0131r bast\u0131\u011f\u0131 kullan\u0131m durumlar\u0131d\u0131r. \u00d6rne\u011fin, kullan\u0131c\u0131lar \u00e7evrimi\u00e7i bir video izlerken, videonun her karesi i\u00e7in her pikselin mevcut olmas\u0131 gerekmez. Kullan\u0131c\u0131lar, oturup her veri bitinin teslim edilmesini beklemek yerine videonun normal h\u0131zda oynat\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 tercih eder.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

IP adresi, bir cihaz\u0131n internete ba\u011fl\u0131 oldu\u011fu yerin say\u0131sal bir temsilidir. IP adresinin ne oldu\u011funu anlamak, internette gezinmek i\u00e7in \u00e7ok \u00f6nemlidir. Bu y\u00fczden bug\u00fcn IP adresleri ile ilgili merak etti\u011finiz her \u015feyi cevaplamaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015faca\u011f\u0131z. Haydi ba\u015flayal\u0131m! IP Adresi Nedir? Basit\u00e7e ifade etmek gerekirse, bir IP adresi (\u0130nternet Protokol\u00fc), a\u011f donan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n bir adresidir. Bilgisayar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 a\u011f\u0131n\u0131zdaki ve […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":835,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1,68],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-834","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-nedir-nasil-yapilir","category-teknoloji"],"yoast_head":"\nIP Nedir, Ne \u0130\u015fe Yarar? IP Adresim Nedir Sorgulama - Uzman Posta<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/uzmanposta.com\/blog\/ip-nedir\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"tr_TR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"IP Nedir, Ne \u0130\u015fe Yarar? IP Adresim Nedir Sorgulama - Uzman Posta\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"IP adresi, bir cihaz\u0131n internete ba\u011fl\u0131 oldu\u011fu yerin say\u0131sal bir temsilidir. IP adresinin ne oldu\u011funu anlamak, internette gezinmek i\u00e7in \u00e7ok \u00f6nemlidir. Bu y\u00fczden bug\u00fcn IP adresleri ile ilgili merak etti\u011finiz her \u015feyi cevaplamaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015faca\u011f\u0131z. Haydi ba\u015flayal\u0131m! IP Adresi Nedir? Basit\u00e7e ifade etmek gerekirse, bir IP adresi (\u0130nternet Protokol\u00fc), a\u011f donan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n bir adresidir. Bilgisayar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 a\u011f\u0131n\u0131zdaki ve […]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/uzmanposta.com\/blog\/ip-nedir\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Blog\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/uzmanposta\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2020-11-08T13:57:47+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2023-12-28T06:16:36+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/uzmanposta.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/ip-nedir.png\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"750\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"375\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Sibel Ho\u015f\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@uZmanPosta\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@uZmanPosta\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Yazan:\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Sibel Ho\u015f\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Tahmini okuma s\u00fcresi\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"7 dakika\" \/>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"IP Nedir, Ne \u0130\u015fe Yarar? IP Adresim Nedir Sorgulama - Uzman Posta","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/uzmanposta.com\/blog\/ip-nedir\/","og_locale":"tr_TR","og_type":"article","og_title":"IP Nedir, Ne \u0130\u015fe Yarar? IP Adresim Nedir Sorgulama - Uzman Posta","og_description":"IP adresi, bir cihaz\u0131n internete ba\u011fl\u0131 oldu\u011fu yerin say\u0131sal bir temsilidir. IP adresinin ne oldu\u011funu anlamak, internette gezinmek i\u00e7in \u00e7ok \u00f6nemlidir. Bu y\u00fczden bug\u00fcn IP adresleri ile ilgili merak etti\u011finiz her \u015feyi cevaplamaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015faca\u011f\u0131z. Haydi ba\u015flayal\u0131m! IP Adresi Nedir? Basit\u00e7e ifade etmek gerekirse, bir IP adresi (\u0130nternet Protokol\u00fc), a\u011f donan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n bir adresidir. Bilgisayar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 a\u011f\u0131n\u0131zdaki ve […]","og_url":"https:\/\/uzmanposta.com\/blog\/ip-nedir\/","og_site_name":"Blog","article_publisher":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/uzmanposta\/","article_published_time":"2020-11-08T13:57:47+00:00","article_modified_time":"2023-12-28T06:16:36+00:00","og_image":[{"width":750,"height":375,"url":"https:\/\/uzmanposta.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/ip-nedir.png","type":"image\/png"}],"author":"Sibel Ho\u015f","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_creator":"@uZmanPosta","twitter_site":"@uZmanPosta","twitter_misc":{"Yazan:":"Sibel Ho\u015f","Tahmini okuma s\u00fcresi":"7 dakika"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/uzmanposta.com\/blog\/ip-nedir\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/uzmanposta.com\/blog\/ip-nedir\/"},"author":{"name":"Sibel Ho\u015f","@id":"https:\/\/uzmanposta.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/ac85212a35ebcaaf56c92a7e051813d6"},"headline":"IP Nedir, Ne \u0130\u015fe Yarar? 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