{"id":1662,"date":"2021-07-15T11:26:00","date_gmt":"2021-07-15T08:26:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/uzmanposta.com\/blog\/?p=1662"},"modified":"2026-09-18T22:37:06","modified_gmt":"2026-09-18T19:37:06","slug":"kimlik-avi-nedir-nasil-onlenir","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/uzmanposta.com\/blog\/kimlik-avi-nedir-nasil-onlenir\/","title":{"rendered":"Kimlik Av\u0131 Nedir, Kimlik Av\u0131 Sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131 Nas\u0131l \u00d6nlenir?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz <strong>siber su\u00e7 sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131 <\/strong>aras\u0131nda yer alan<strong> phishing<\/strong> yani<strong> kimlik av\u0131 sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131<\/strong>, bilgisayar korsanlar\u0131n\u0131n veri \u00e7almak, bilgisayarlara eri\u015fmek ve \u015firketlerin a\u011flar\u0131na s\u0131zmak i\u00e7in kulland\u0131klar\u0131 karanl\u0131k m\u00fchendislik uygulamalar\u0131ndan biridir. E-posta manip\u00fclasyonu, i\u00e7erik yerle\u015ftirme, ba\u011flant\u0131 hileleri, sahte web siteleri, yetkili oturum ihlali, k\u00f6t\u00fc niyetli reklamlar ve ortadaki adam taktikleri, <strong>yayg\u0131n kimlik av\u0131 y\u00f6ntemleri <\/strong>aras\u0131ndad\u0131r. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Kimlik Av\u0131 Nedir?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Kimlik av\u0131<\/strong>, gizli ki\u015fisel veya kurumsal bilgileri \u00e7almaya y\u00f6nelik sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131 ifade eder. Sald\u0131r\u0131 giri\u015fimleri s\u0131ras\u0131nda, kullan\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n gizli bilgilerine ula\u015fmak i\u00e7in aldat\u0131c\u0131 e-posta&#8217;lar, web sitesi ba\u011flant\u0131lar\u0131 ve metin mesajlar\u0131 yayg\u0131n olarak kullan\u0131l\u0131l\u0131r. Kimlik av\u0131 sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131nda ma\u011fdurlar; ad, soyad, anne k\u0131zl\u0131k soyad\u0131, adres, telefon, \u015fifre, vergi numaras\u0131, hesap numaras\u0131, kredi kart\u0131 bilgileri gibi \u00f6nemli verileri elde etmek i\u00e7in aldat\u0131l\u0131r. Su\u00e7lular bu ki\u015fisel bilgileri kullanarak sald\u0131r\u0131ya maruz kalan ki\u015fi ve kurumlar\u0131n bilgileri ile kredi kart\u0131 ba\u015fvurusunda bulunabilir, mobil hat sat\u0131n alabilir, \u015firket kurabilir veya benzeri doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k faaliyetlerinde bulunabilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Kimlik Av\u0131 Sald\u0131r\u0131s\u0131 Nas\u0131l \u00c7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r?<\/h2>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"750\" height=\"375\" src=\"https:\/\/uzmanposta.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/kimlik-avi-saldirisi-nasil-calisir.png\" alt=\"Kimlik Av\u0131 Sald\u0131r\u0131s\u0131 Nas\u0131l \u00c7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r?\" class=\"wp-image-1665\" srcset=\"https:\/\/uzmanposta.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/kimlik-avi-saldirisi-nasil-calisir.png 750w, https:\/\/uzmanposta.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/kimlik-avi-saldirisi-nasil-calisir-300x150.png 300w, https:\/\/uzmanposta.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/kimlik-avi-saldirisi-nasil-calisir-360x180.png 360w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 750px) 100vw, 750px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Su\u00e7lular, \u00e7e\u015fitli platformlarda oltalama taktiklerini deneyerek, e-posta ve web sitesi gibi kullan\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n en \u00e7ok tercih etti\u011fi g\u00fcnl\u00fck uygulamalar\u0131n arkas\u0131na dikkatlice sakland\u0131klar\u0131 i\u00e7in istediklerini kolayca elde edebilir. \u00d6rne\u011fin sahtekarlar, bir bankan\u0131n resmi web sitesi olan &#8220;gbankasi.com&#8221; yerine alt alan ad\u0131 ile \u201cgbankasi.x.com&#8221; e-posta adresinize sahte bir ba\u011flant\u0131 g\u00f6nderebilir ve bu sahte adrese girmenizi sa\u011flayabilir. Web sitesi aray\u00fcz\u00fc, temel veriler ve hizmet ak\u0131\u015f\u0131 kopyaland\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in kullan\u0131c\u0131lar telefon numaras\u0131, m\u00fc\u015fteri kimli\u011fi ve \u015fifre gibi kritik bilgilerini ne yapt\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n fark\u0131nda olmadan payla\u015fabilirler. <strong>Kimlik avc\u0131lar\u0131<\/strong>, ki\u015fisel veya kurumsal bilgilere eri\u015ferek, an\u0131nda i\u015flem yapabilir ve hesaplar\u0131n\u0131za eri\u015febilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Kimlik Av\u0131 Sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131 Nas\u0131l Tan\u0131mlan\u0131r?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Kimlik av\u0131<\/strong> kurban\u0131 olmaktan ka\u00e7\u0131nman\u0131n ilk ad\u0131m\u0131, i\u015faretleri tan\u0131makt\u0131r. Kimlik av\u0131 e-posta\u2019s\u0131n\u0131 anlayabilece\u011finiz en yayg\u0131n i\u015faretler a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki \u015fekildedir:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Yanl\u0131\u015f, belirsiz, al\u0131\u015f\u0131lmad\u0131k derecede uzun veya \u015f\u00fcpheli g\u00f6r\u00fcnen bir g\u00f6nderen adresi.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Ki\u015fisel veya ticari bilgi talebi iletmenizi i\u00e7eren bir metin.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>G\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fc\u015fte resmi kurumlardan geliyor gibi g\u00f6r\u00fcnen ki\u015fisel bilgi talepleri (Me\u015fru finans ve devlet kurumlar\u0131n\u0131n bunu asla yapmayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 unutmay\u0131n).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Korku, tehdit, aciliyet duygusu yaratan veya ger\u00e7ek olamayacak kadar iyi bir teklifle gelen herhangi bir mesaj.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Konu metninde, \u201dAcil!&#8221; gibi kelimeler i\u00e7eren herhangi bir mesaj.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Garip veya beklenmedik bir konu, yanl\u0131\u015f dil bilgisi, noktalama hatalar\u0131, yaz\u0131m yanl\u0131\u015flar\u0131 vb. i\u00e7eren herhangi bir ileti.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Ki\u015fisel bilgi (adres, telefon numaras\u0131, ki\u015fisel e-posta takma ad\u0131) isteyen ve g\u00fcvenilir ki\u015filerden (arkada\u015flar, i\u015f arkada\u015flar\u0131, \u015firket y\u00f6neticileri) gelen mesajlar.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Yanl\u0131\u015f yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015f adlar veya yedek karakterler i\u00e7eren g\u00f6m\u00fcl\u00fc URL&#8217;ler (\u00f6rne\u011fin, amazon.com yerine arnazon.com m harfi gibi).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Kullan\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131 genellikle kimlik av\u0131 web sitelerine y\u00f6nlendiren k\u0131salt\u0131lm\u0131\u015f URL\u2019ler.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Al\u0131\u015f\u0131lmad\u0131k veya olas\u0131 olmayan bir al\u0131c\u0131 grubuna g\u00f6nderilen mesajlar.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Garip ifadelerin yer ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve belirli olmayan selamlama i\u00e7eren mesajlar.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Kimlik Av\u0131 Sald\u0131r\u0131s\u0131 T\u00fcrleri Nelerdir?<\/h2>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"750\" height=\"375\" src=\"https:\/\/uzmanposta.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/kimlik-avi-saldirisi-turleri-nelerdir.png\" alt=\"Kimlik av\u0131 sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131 gibi siber su\u00e7lar\u0131 tasvir eden bir \u00e7izimde, kar maskeli bir bilgisayar korsan\u0131 diz\u00fcst\u00fc bilgisayar\u0131n\u0131 kullanarak bir ATM'yi hackliyor ve makinenin para haznesinden banknotlar d\u00f6k\u00fcl\u00fcrken ekranda k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 bir uyar\u0131 i\u015fareti beliriyor.\" class=\"wp-image-1666\" srcset=\"https:\/\/uzmanposta.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/kimlik-avi-saldirisi-turleri-nelerdir.png 750w, https:\/\/uzmanposta.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/kimlik-avi-saldirisi-turleri-nelerdir-300x150.png 300w, https:\/\/uzmanposta.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/kimlik-avi-saldirisi-turleri-nelerdir-360x180.png 360w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 750px) 100vw, 750px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Kimlik av\u0131<\/strong>, 1987&#8217;de ilk kez tan\u0131mland\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan beri, g\u00fcvenlik a\u00e7\u0131klar\u0131ndan yararlanman\u0131n en yayg\u0131n yollar\u0131n\u0131 bulmaya devam ediyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Peki nedir bu en yayg\u0131n yollar?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A\u015fa\u011f\u0131da,<strong> en yayg\u0131n kimlik av\u0131 t\u00fcrlerinin<\/strong> bir listesini bulabilirsiniz: <\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1. Standart E-posta Kimlik Av\u0131<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Muhtemelen<strong> en yayg\u0131n bilinen kimlik av\u0131 <\/strong>y\u00f6ntemi olan bu sald\u0131r\u0131, me\u015fru bir kurulu\u015ftan geliyormu\u015f gibi g\u00f6r\u00fcnen bir e-posta yoluyla hassas bilgileri \u00e7alma giri\u015fimidir. Hedefli bir sald\u0131r\u0131 de\u011fildir ve toplu olarak ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilebilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2. K\u00f6t\u00fc Ama\u00e7l\u0131 Yaz\u0131l\u0131m Kimlik Av\u0131<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>E-posta kimlik av\u0131<\/strong> ile ayn\u0131 teknikleri kullanan bu sald\u0131r\u0131, hedefleri bir ba\u011flant\u0131ya t\u0131klamaya veya bir eki indirmeye te\u015fvik eder. B\u00f6ylece k\u00f6t\u00fc ama\u00e7l\u0131 yaz\u0131l\u0131m cihaza y\u00fcklenebilir. \u015eu anda oltalama sald\u0131r\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n en yayg\u0131n bi\u00e7imidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3. Hedefli Kimlik Av\u0131<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u00c7o\u011fu kimlik av\u0131 sald\u0131r\u0131s\u0131 geni\u015f bir a\u011f\u0131 hedef almas\u0131na ra\u011fmen, hedefli kimlik av\u0131, genellikle \u015firket y\u00f6neticilerine, kamu g\u00f6revlilerine ve di\u011fer kazan\u00e7l\u0131 hedeflere odaklanan, y\u00fcksek d\u00fczeyde hedeflenmi\u015f, iyi ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f bir sald\u0131r\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4. Smishing<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">SMS \u00f6zellikli kimlik av\u0131, ak\u0131ll\u0131 telefon kullan\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131na genellikle hesap bildirimleri, \u00f6d\u00fcl bildirimleri ve siyasi mesajlarda gizlenen k\u00f6t\u00fc niyetli k\u0131sa ba\u011flant\u0131lar sunar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">5. Arama Motoru Kimlik Av\u0131<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Bu t\u00fcr bir sald\u0131r\u0131da, siber su\u00e7lular, ki\u015fisel bilgileri toplamak ve do\u011frudan \u00f6deme almak i\u00e7in tasarlanm\u0131\u015f doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k ama\u00e7l\u0131 web siteleri kurar. Bu siteler, organik arama sonu\u00e7lar\u0131nda veya pop\u00fcler arama terimleri i\u00e7in \u00fccretli reklamlarda g\u00f6r\u00fcnebilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">6. Vishing<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Vishing veya sesli kimlik av\u0131, teknik destekten, bir devlet kurumundan veya ba\u015fka bir kurulu\u015ftan geldi\u011fini iddia eden ve bankac\u0131l\u0131k veya kredi kart\u0131 bilgileri gibi ki\u015fisel bilgileri almaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan k\u00f6t\u00fc niyetli bir arayan i\u00e7erir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">7. Pharming<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">DNS zehirlenmesi olarak da bilinen pharming, internetin alan ad\u0131 sistemini (DNS) i\u00e7eren teknik olarak karma\u015f\u0131k bir kimlik av\u0131 bi\u00e7imidir. Pharming, me\u015fru web trafi\u011fini, genellikle de\u011ferli bilgileri \u00e7almak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n bilgisi olmadan sahte bir sayfaya y\u00f6nlendirir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">8. Clone Phishing&nbsp;<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Bu t\u00fcr bir sald\u0131r\u0131da, bilgisayar korsan\u0131 bir ki\u015finin e-posta hesab\u0131n\u0131 tehlikeye atar, me\u015fru bir ba\u011flant\u0131y\u0131, eki veya ba\u015fka bir \u00f6\u011feyi k\u00f6t\u00fc niyetli bir \u00f6\u011feyle de\u011fi\u015ftirerek mevcut bir e-posta\u2019da de\u011fi\u015fiklik yapar ve vir\u00fcs\u00fc yaymak i\u00e7in ki\u015finin ba\u011flant\u0131lar\u0131na g\u00f6nderir.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">9. Ortadaki Adam Sald\u0131r\u0131s\u0131<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/uzmanposta.com\/blog\/man-in-the-middle-atagi-mitm\/\"><strong>Ortadaki adam sald\u0131r\u0131s\u0131<\/strong> Man-in-the-Middle Ata\u011f\u0131 (MitM)<\/a>, iki \u015f\u00fcpheli taraf aras\u0131ndaki yaz\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 izleyen gizli bir dinleme i\u00e7erir. Bu sald\u0131r\u0131lar genellikle kafelerde, al\u0131\u015fveri\u015f merkezlerinde ve di\u011fer halka a\u00e7\u0131k yerlerde sahte halka a\u00e7\u0131k WiFi a\u011flar\u0131 olu\u015fturarak ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilir. Ortadaki adam kat\u0131ld\u0131ktan sonra bilgi i\u00e7in kimlik av\u0131 yapabilir veya cihazlara k\u00f6t\u00fc ama\u00e7l\u0131 yaz\u0131l\u0131m g\u00f6nderebilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">10. BEC (Business Email Compromise)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/uzmanposta.com\/blog\/bec\/\">\u0130\u015f e-posta g\u00fcvenli\u011fi (BEC)<\/a>, bir sald\u0131rgan\u0131n \u015firketi doland\u0131rmak i\u00e7in bir i\u015fletmeyi hedef ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir t\u00fcr e-posta siber su\u00e7 doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131d\u0131r. BEC doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131, kurulu\u015flar\u0131 milyarlarca dolarl\u0131k potansiyel kay\u0131plara maruz b\u0131rakt\u0131. Bu takti\u011fin, 2019&#8217;daki siber su\u00e7larla ilgili t\u00fcm i\u015f kay\u0131plar\u0131n\u0131n neredeyse yar\u0131s\u0131na neden oldu\u011fu tahmin ediliyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">11. K\u00f6t\u00fc Ama\u00e7l\u0131 Reklamc\u0131l\u0131k<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Bu t\u00fcr <strong>kimlik av\u0131<\/strong>, i\u00e7ine k\u00f6t\u00fc ama\u00e7l\u0131 kod yerle\u015ftirilmi\u015f, normalde normal g\u00f6r\u00fcnen reklamlar yay\u0131nlamak i\u00e7in dijital reklam yaz\u0131l\u0131m\u0131 kullan\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u015eirketler E-posta Yoluyla Gelen Gimlik Av\u0131 (phishing) Sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131ndan Nas\u0131l Korunur?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Kurumsal e-posta altyap\u0131lar\u0131, siber korsanlar\u0131n \u015firket a\u011f\u0131na s\u0131zmak, kullan\u0131c\u0131 oturum bilgilerini ele ge\u00e7irmek veya finansal doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in en s\u0131k hedef ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 kanallar\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131nda gelir. \u015eirket \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n\u0131 aldatmaya y\u00f6nelik haz\u0131rlanan oltalama e-postalar\u0131, g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde son derece sofistike tekniklerle kurguland\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in bireysel fark\u0131ndal\u0131k tek ba\u015f\u0131na yeterli olmamaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u015eirketlerin e-posta kaynakl\u0131 kimlik av\u0131 (phishing) tehditlerine kar\u015f\u0131 tam koruma sa\u011flamas\u0131 i\u00e7in teknik, operasyonel ve insani boyutlar\u0131 kapsayan b\u00fct\u00fcnc\u00fcl bir g\u00fcvenlik stratejisi uygulamas\u0131 gerekir:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1. Geli\u015fmi\u015f E-posta G\u00fcvenli\u011fi ve Antispam Gateway Kullan\u0131m\u0131<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Gelen e-posta trafi\u011finin \u015firket sunucular\u0131na ula\u015fmadan \u00f6nce filtrelenmesi, ilk savunma hatt\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/uzmanposta.com\/mail-security\/\">Geli\u015fmi\u015f Filtreleme (Secure Mail Gateway &#8211; UMG)<\/a>:<\/strong> Zirvedeki e-posta g\u00fcvenlik \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmleri; gelen iletileri imza analizi, itibar kontrol\u00fc ve davran\u0131\u015fsal algoritmalarla tarayarak \u015f\u00fcpheli i\u00e7erikleri, zararl\u0131 ba\u011flant\u0131lar\u0131 (URL) ve ekleri karantinaya al\u0131r.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/uzmanposta.com\/blog\/zero-hour-day-attack-protection\/\">S\u0131f\u0131r G\u00fcn (Zero-Day)<\/a> ve Sandboxing Taramas\u0131:<\/strong> E-posta ekindeki dok\u00fcmanlar veya ba\u011flant\u0131lar izolasyon alanlar\u0131nda (sandbox) \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131larak hen\u00fcz tan\u0131mlanmam\u0131\u015f zararl\u0131 yaz\u0131l\u0131mlar ve oltalama sayfalar\u0131 tespit edilir.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2. E-posta Kimlik Do\u011frulama Protokollerini Zorunlu K\u0131lmak (SPF, DKIM, DMARC)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Sald\u0131rganlar s\u0131kl\u0131kla \u015firket y\u00f6neticilerinin veya i\u015f ortaklar\u0131n\u0131n e-posta adreslerini taklit ederek (CEO Fraud \/ BEC sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131) \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131 kand\u0131rmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/uzmanposta.com\/blog\/spf-dkim-dmarc\/\">SPF ve DKIM<\/a>:<\/strong> \u015eirketiniz ad\u0131na e-posta g\u00f6ndermeye yetkili sunucular\u0131 do\u011frular ve i\u00e7eri\u011fin yolda de\u011fi\u015ftirilmesini engeller.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>DMARC Politikas\u0131:<\/strong> Alan ad\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 taklit eden sahte iletilerin al\u0131c\u0131 sunucular taraf\u0131ndan do\u011frudan reddedilmesini (<code>p=reject<\/code>) sa\u011flayarak markan\u0131z\u0131n ve \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n taklit edilmesinin \u00f6n\u00fcne ge\u00e7er.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3. \u00c7ok Fakt\u00f6rl\u00fc Kimlik Do\u011frulama (MFA \/ 2FA) Entegrasyonu<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u00c7al\u0131\u015fanlardan biri bir oltalama ba\u011flant\u0131s\u0131na t\u0131klay\u0131p \u015fifresini sald\u0131rganlara kapt\u0131rsa dahi, hesab\u0131n ele ge\u00e7irilmesini engellemenin en etkili yolu <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/uzmanposta.com\/blog\/mfa\/\">\u00c7ok Fakt\u00f6rl\u00fc Kimlik Do\u011frulama (MFA)<\/a><\/strong> kullan\u0131m\u0131d\u0131r. Oltalama sonucu \u015fifre if\u015fa olsa bile, sald\u0131rganlar ikinci do\u011frulama ad\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 (SMS, Authenticator uygulamas\u0131 veya g\u00fcvenlik anahtar\u0131) ge\u00e7emez.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4. \u015e\u00fcpheli Ba\u011flant\u0131 ve Ek Denetimi<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Link \/ URL Yeniden Yazma (URL Rewriting):<\/strong> E-posta i\u00e7indeki ba\u011flant\u0131lar, kullan\u0131c\u0131 t\u0131klad\u0131\u011f\u0131 anda ger\u00e7ek zamanl\u0131 olarak g\u00fcvenlik servisleri taraf\u0131ndan taran\u0131r. E-posta teslim edildikten sonra aktifle\u015fen siber tehditler bu y\u00f6ntemle engellenir.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Tehlikeli Dosya Uzant\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 Engelleme:<\/strong> E-posta sunucu seviyesinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131labilir <code>.exe<\/code>, <code>.bat<\/code>, <code>.vbs<\/code>, <code>.scr<\/code> gibi dosya formatlar\u0131n\u0131n ve parola korumal\u0131, i\u00e7eri\u011fi taranamayan ar\u015fivlerin iletilmesi engellenmelidir.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">5. S\u00fcrekli \u00c7al\u0131\u015fan Siber G\u00fcvenlik Fark\u0131ndal\u0131k E\u011fitimleri ve Oltalama Sim\u00fclasyonlar\u0131<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Teknik \u00f6nlemler ne kadar g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc olursa olsun, en zay\u0131f halka insan fakt\u00f6r\u00fcd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>D\u00fczenli Oltalama Sim\u00fclasyonlar\u0131:<\/strong> \u015eirket i\u00e7erisinde senaryola\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f sahte oltalama e-postalar\u0131 g\u00f6nderilerek \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n tepkileri \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclmeli ve t\u0131klama oranlar\u0131 y\u00fcksek birimlere \u00f6zel e\u011fitimler verilmelidir.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u015e\u00fcpheli E-posta Bildirim Butonlar\u0131:<\/strong> E-posta istemcilerine (Outlook, Webmail vb.) entegre edilen &#8220;Tek T\u0131kla Bildir&#8221; butonlar\u0131 sayesinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar \u015f\u00fcphelendikleri iletileri an\u0131nda siber g\u00fcvenlik ekibine raporlayabilmelidir.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">6. Parola Politikalar\u0131 ve Yetki Y\u00f6netimi (Least Privilege)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Minimum Yetki \u0130lkesi:<\/strong> \u00c7al\u0131\u015fanlara yaln\u0131zca i\u015flerini yapabilmeleri i\u00e7in gerekli olan sistem yetkileri verilmeli, bir hesab\u0131n ele ge\u00e7irilmesi durumunda sald\u0131rgan\u0131n \u015firket a\u011f\u0131nda yatayda ilerlemesi (lateral movement) s\u0131n\u0131rland\u0131r\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>G\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc Parola Y\u00f6netimi:<\/strong> Tahmin edilmesi zor karma\u015f\u0131k \u015fifre politikalar\u0131 uygulanmal\u0131 ve daha \u00f6nce s\u0131zd\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f veritabanlar\u0131nda yer alan parolalar\u0131n kullan\u0131m\u0131 engellenmelidir.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Kimlik Av\u0131 Nas\u0131l \u00d6nlenir?<\/h2>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"750\" height=\"375\" src=\"https:\/\/uzmanposta.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/kimlik-avi-nasil-onlenir.png\" alt=\"Kimlik Av\u0131 Nas\u0131l \u00d6nlenir?\" class=\"wp-image-1667\" srcset=\"https:\/\/uzmanposta.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/kimlik-avi-nasil-onlenir.png 750w, https:\/\/uzmanposta.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/kimlik-avi-nasil-onlenir-300x150.png 300w, https:\/\/uzmanposta.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/kimlik-avi-nasil-onlenir-360x180.png 360w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 750px) 100vw, 750px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Kimlik av\u0131 doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 tespit etmek<\/strong> ve \u00f6nlemek i\u00e7in a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki ad\u0131mlar\u0131 uygulayabilirsiniz:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1. Kimlik av\u0131 doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n neye benzedi\u011fini \u00f6\u011frenin<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u00c7evrimi\u00e7i olarak en son kimlik av\u0131 sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131 ve bunlar\u0131n anahtar tan\u0131mlay\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131 hakk\u0131nda sizi bilgilendirecek bir\u00e7ok site var. En son sald\u0131r\u0131 y\u00f6ntemlerini ne kadar erken \u00f6\u011frenir ve bunlar\u0131 d\u00fczenli g\u00fcvenlik fark\u0131ndal\u0131\u011f\u0131 e\u011fitimleriyle kullan\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131zla payla\u015f\u0131rsan\u0131z, olas\u0131 bir sald\u0131r\u0131dan ka\u00e7\u0131nma olas\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z o kadar artar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2. Ba\u011flant\u0131lara t\u0131klamay\u0131n<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">G\u00f6ndereni tan\u0131yor olsan\u0131z bile, bir e-posta&#8217;daki veya anl\u0131k iletideki bir ba\u011flant\u0131ya t\u0131klaman\u0131z genellikle tavsiye edilmez. Ba\u011flant\u0131 ile ilgili yapman\u0131z gereken tek \u015fey, hedefin do\u011fru olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6rmek i\u00e7in ba\u011flant\u0131n\u0131n \u00fczerine gelmektir. Baz\u0131 kimlik av\u0131 sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131 olduk\u00e7a karma\u015f\u0131kt\u0131r ve hedef URL, tu\u015f vuru\u015flar\u0131n\u0131 kaydetmek veya oturum a\u00e7ma\/kredi kart\u0131 bilgilerini \u00e7almak i\u00e7in ayarlanm\u0131\u015f orijinal sitenin bir karbon kopyas\u0131 gibi g\u00f6r\u00fcnebilir. Ba\u011flant\u0131ya t\u0131klamak yerine do\u011frudan arama motorunuz arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla siteye gitmeniz m\u00fcmk\u00fcnse, bunu yapmal\u0131s\u0131n\u0131z.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3. \u00dccretsiz kimlik av\u0131 \u00f6nleme eklentileri edinin<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde \u00e7o\u011fu taray\u0131c\u0131, k\u00f6t\u00fc ama\u00e7l\u0131 bir web sitesinin i\u015faretlerini tespit eden veya bilinen kimlik av\u0131 siteleri hakk\u0131nda sizi uyaran eklentileri indirmenize olanak tan\u0131r. Bu eklentiler genellikle tamamen \u00fccretsizdir, bu nedenle i\u015fletmenizdeki her cihaza bu eklentilerin y\u00fcklenmemesi i\u00e7in hi\u00e7bir neden yoktur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4. G\u00fcvenli olmayan bir siteye bilgilerinizi vermeyin<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Web sitesinin URL&#8217;si &#8220;https&#8221; ile ba\u015flam\u0131yorsa veya URL&#8217;nin yan\u0131nda kapal\u0131 bir asma kilit simgesi g\u00f6remiyorsan\u0131z, hassas bilgilerinizi o siteye girmeyin veya o siteden dosya indirmeyin. G\u00fcvenlik sertifikas\u0131 olmayan sitelerin hepsi kimlik av\u0131 doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131na y\u00f6nelik olmasa da, yine de dikkat etmenizde fayda var.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">5. \u015eifreleri d\u00fczenli olarak de\u011fi\u015ftirin<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u00c7evrimi\u00e7i hesaplar\u0131n\u0131z varsa, bir sald\u0131rgan\u0131n s\u0131n\u0131rs\u0131z eri\u015fim elde etmesini \u00f6nlemek i\u00e7in parolalar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 d\u00fczenli olarak de\u011fi\u015ftirme al\u0131\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 edinmelisiniz. Hesaplar\u0131n\u0131z sizin haberiniz olmadan ele ge\u00e7irilmi\u015f olabilir, bu nedenle parola de\u011fi\u015ftirme yoluyla bu ekstra koruma katman\u0131n\u0131n eklenmesi, devam eden sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131 \u00f6nleyebilir ve potansiyel sald\u0131rganlar\u0131 engelleyebilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">6. G\u00fcncellemeleri g\u00f6rmezden gelmeyin<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u00c7ok say\u0131da g\u00fcncelleme mesaj\u0131 almak sinir bozucu olabilir. Bu y\u00fczden bunlar\u0131 ertelemek veya tamamen yok saymak size cazip gelebilir, fakat bunu yapmamal\u0131s\u0131n\u0131z. G\u00fcvenlik yamalar\u0131 ve g\u00fcncellemeleri, \u00e7o\u011funlukla g\u00fcvenlikte delikler a\u00e7arak modern siber sald\u0131r\u0131 y\u00f6ntemleriyle g\u00fcncel kalmak i\u00e7in bir nedenden dolay\u0131 yay\u0131nlan\u0131r. Taray\u0131c\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 g\u00fcncellemezseniz, kolayca \u00f6nlenebilecek bilinen g\u00fcvenlik a\u00e7\u0131klar\u0131 yoluyla kimlik av\u0131 sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131 riskiyle kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya kalabilirsiniz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">7. G\u00fcvenlik duvarlar\u0131 ile g\u00fcvenli\u011finizi art\u0131r\u0131n<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">G\u00fcvenlik duvarlar\u0131, bilgisayar\u0131n\u0131z ile sald\u0131rgan aras\u0131nda bir kalkan g\u00f6revi g\u00f6rerek harici sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131 \u00f6nlemenin etkili bir yoludur. Hem masa\u00fcst\u00fc g\u00fcvenlik duvarlar\u0131 hem de a\u011f g\u00fcvenlik duvarlar\u0131 birlikte kullan\u0131ld\u0131klar\u0131nda, g\u00fcvenli\u011finizi art\u0131rabilir ve bir bilgisayar korsan\u0131n\u0131n ortam\u0131n\u0131za s\u0131zma olas\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 azaltabilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">8. A\u00e7\u0131l\u0131r pencerelere kanmay\u0131n<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pop-up&#8217;lar sadece sizi rahats\u0131z etmekle kalmaz, genellikle kimlik av\u0131 sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n bir par\u00e7as\u0131 olarak k\u00f6t\u00fc ama\u00e7l\u0131 yaz\u0131l\u0131mlara da ba\u011flan\u0131r. \u00c7o\u011fu taray\u0131c\u0131 art\u0131k k\u00f6t\u00fc ama\u00e7l\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131r pencerelerin \u00e7o\u011funu otomatik olarak engelleyecek \u00fccretsiz reklam engelleyici yaz\u0131l\u0131m\u0131 indirmenize ve y\u00fcklemenize izin verse de, yine de reklam engelleyiciden ka\u00e7may\u0131 ba\u015faran bir reklamla kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131rsan\u0131z, asla t\u0131klamay\u0131n. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">9. Zorunlu olmad\u0131k\u00e7a \u00f6nemli bilgileri vermeyin<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Genel bir kural olarak, ziyaret etti\u011finiz siteye %100 g\u00fcvenmedi\u011finiz s\u00fcrece kart bilgilerinizi vermemelisiniz. Bilgilerinizi vermeniz gerekiyorsa, web sitesinin g\u00fcvenilir ve \u015firketin ger\u00e7ek oldu\u011funu do\u011frulad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131zdan emin olun.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Uzman Posta<\/strong>&nbsp;gibi profesyonel e-posta servis sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131, sizi spam\u2019den ve di\u011fer sald\u0131r\u0131lardan korumak i\u00e7in&nbsp;<strong>geli\u015fmi\u015f e-posta g\u00fcvenlik \u00f6nlemlerine<\/strong>&nbsp;sahiptir. Bu \u00f6nlemler aras\u0131nda, g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc parola ve eri\u015fim kontrol mekanizmalar\u0131na sahip e-posta sunucular\u0131; \u015fifreli e-posta mesajlar\u0131, spam filtreleme yaz\u0131l\u0131m\u0131 vb. bir\u00e7ok \u00f6zellik vard\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Siz de<strong>&nbsp;spam e-posta<\/strong>\u2019lardan hi\u00e7bir zahmete girmeden kurtulmak istiyorsan\u0131z, profesyonel e-posta servisimizde bulunan paket fiyat ve \u00f6zelliklerimizi detayl\u0131 incelemek i\u00e7in hemen&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/uzmanposta.com\/kurumsal-e-posta\/\">t\u0131klay\u0131n<\/a>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz siber su\u00e7 sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131 aras\u0131nda yer alan phishing yani kimlik av\u0131 sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131, bilgisayar korsanlar\u0131n\u0131n veri \u00e7almak, bilgisayarlara eri\u015fmek ve \u015firketlerin a\u011flar\u0131na s\u0131zmak i\u00e7in kulland\u0131klar\u0131 karanl\u0131k m\u00fchendislik uygulamalar\u0131ndan biridir. E-posta manip\u00fclasyonu, i\u00e7erik yerle\u015ftirme, ba\u011flant\u0131 hileleri, sahte web siteleri, yetkili oturum ihlali, k\u00f6t\u00fc niyetli reklamlar ve ortadaki adam taktikleri, yayg\u0131n kimlik av\u0131 y\u00f6ntemleri aras\u0131ndad\u0131r. Kimlik Av\u0131 Nedir? [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":1664,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[86,1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1662","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-guvenlik","category-nedir-nasil-yapilir"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Kimlik Av\u0131 Nedir, Kimlik Av\u0131 Sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131 Nas\u0131l \u00d6nlenir? - Uzman Posta<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/uzmanposta.com\/blog\/kimlik-avi-nedir-nasil-onlenir\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"tr_TR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Kimlik Av\u0131 Nedir, Kimlik Av\u0131 Sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131 Nas\u0131l \u00d6nlenir? - Uzman Posta\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz siber su\u00e7 sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131 aras\u0131nda yer alan phishing yani kimlik av\u0131 sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131, bilgisayar korsanlar\u0131n\u0131n veri \u00e7almak, bilgisayarlara eri\u015fmek ve \u015firketlerin a\u011flar\u0131na s\u0131zmak i\u00e7in kulland\u0131klar\u0131 karanl\u0131k m\u00fchendislik uygulamalar\u0131ndan biridir. E-posta manip\u00fclasyonu, i\u00e7erik yerle\u015ftirme, ba\u011flant\u0131 hileleri, sahte web siteleri, yetkili oturum ihlali, k\u00f6t\u00fc niyetli reklamlar ve ortadaki adam taktikleri, yayg\u0131n kimlik av\u0131 y\u00f6ntemleri aras\u0131ndad\u0131r. Kimlik Av\u0131 Nedir? 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